Abaturage basobanukiwe n’ingengo y’imari kugeza ubwo bagana Abadepite babasaba ko yongerwa
Mujawamungu
Ingengo y’imari igenerwa ubuhinzi, Abanyarwanda basigaye bayizi, bamwe muri bo bagasaba ko yongerwa kugirango ibafashe kubateza imbere kurushaho.
Ni intambwe yatewe nyuma y’uko Impuzamiryango y’amashyirahamwe yita ku burenganzira bwa muntu (CLADHO) igaragaje ko ingengo y’imari Leta ishyira mu buhinzi igenda igabanuka kandi ko n’uruhare umuturage agira mu kugena ibyo izakoreshwa, kumenyeshwa ibyemejwe ndetse no gukurikirana uko bishyirwa mu bikorwa rukiri hasi.
Ni mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe na CLADHO ku nkunga ya Actionaid bugaragaza ko abaturage 88% batagira uruhare mu bibakorerwa bwatangajwe tariki ya 27 Ukwakira 2016.
Kuwa 18 Nyakanga 2013 Action Aid yagaragaje zimwe mu mbogamizi zituma Afurika itihaza mu biribwa. Mu bushakashatsi uyu muryango wakoreye mu bihugu bine aribyo Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda ndetse n’u Rwanda, wagaragaje ko u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu byasinye amasezerano ya Maputo ariko rukaba rutayubahiriza. Icyo gihe byagaragajwe ko u Rwanda rushyira amafaranga mu buhinzi agera kuri 6,5%, u Rwanda kandi rwagaragajwe nkaho abari n’abategarugori bakiri inyuma mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Ni muri urwo rwego Action Aid ibifashijwemo n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU), watangije umushinga SCAB ugamije gukangurira abahinzi kugira uruhare ku bijyanye n’ingengo y’imari igenerwa ubuhinzi, kuyigiramo uruhare no gushishikariza abaturage kumenya uburenganzira bwabo. Uyu mushinga ugana ku musozo umaze imyaka itatu utangiye.
U Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu byashyize umukono ku masezerano ya Maputo ku bijyanye n’Iterambere ry’Ubuhinzi n’Umutekano w’Ibiribwa muri Afurika, avuga ko ibihugu bigize uyu mugabane bizajya bishyira mu buhinzi amafaranga angana 10% by’ingengo y’imari yabyo. Yashyizweho umukono n’abakuru b’ibihugu na za Guverinoma muri Nyakanga 2003, nyuma y’Inteko Rusange y’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe.
Nubwo urwego rw’ubuhinzi rutanga 33% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu, mu ngengo y’imari y’umwaka wa 2016-2017, rwahariwe amafaranga angana na 4% by’ingengo y’imari.
Kuba iyo ngengo itageze ku 10%, byatumye muri 2017, abahagarariye abahinzi bo mu karere ka Musanze, Karongi na Kamonyi muri 2017 baganaga Inteko Ishinga Amategeko basaba ko ingengo y’imari igenerwa ubuhinzi yongerwa.
Basubiyeyo hagati muri 2018 nabwo basaba ko yongerwa babikesha ubumenyi bahawe muri SCAB.
Ubwo abanyamakuru basuraga ibyakozwe biciye muri uwo mushinga mu Karere ka Musanze mu Murenge wa Muko kuwa 7 Gashyantare 2019, Mujawamungu Hilarie umwe muri abo bahinzi bafashe iya mbere bagana iyi nteko, akaba ayobora amakoperative y’abahinzi borozi mu karere ka Musanze ahuje abasaga 1500 babonye n’ubwo bumenyi biciye muri SCAB. Ni we wajyanye na bagenzi be mu nteko.
Ati ” Duhereye ku masezerano ya Maputo, twabonye ayagenewe ubuhinzi atageze ku 10%, tugana inteko Ishinga amategeko, tuyigezaho icyifuzo cy’uko yongerwa, byarakozwe bongeyeho angana na 2% ku yari yatangajwe mbere mu mushinga w’itegeko.”
Mujawamungu n’abatuye umurenge wa Muko mu karere ka Musanze, bavuga ko uyu mushinga watumye bahumuka mu bijyanye n’uruhare rwabo mu bibakorerwa, kandi ko ubumenyi bahawe bazabugeza ku bandi.
Umuyobozi wa koperative Twite ku bana bacu, ihuje abahinzi 30 barimo abagore 26 n’abagabo bane, Kanyamugenge Felicien, yemeza ko SCAB yatumye bamenya uruhare rwabo kandi bakiteza imbere bayikesha uburyo yabashyize ku murongo.
Mbere ngo ntibagiraga uruhare mu bibakorerwa no kugena ingengo y’imari, ariko ngo kumenya uruhare rwabo byatumye batanga ibitekerezo byashingiweho begerezwa ifumbire mvaruganda bajyaga bagura ku bamamyi asaga 600 ku kilo, ubu bayigura atageze kuri 450 kubera ko basabye ko ibegerezwa bigakorwa.
Bakangukiye kandi gahunda yo guhuza ubutaka mbere babonaga nk’amayeri ya leta yo kubatwarira ubutaka, ariko ubu ubugera kuri hegitari bahuje, biteze kubuvanamo toni ziri hagati ya 14 na 15 uyu mwaka.
Bamenye kandi uburyo bwo kwiteza imbere, kumenya uburenganzira bwabo ku buryo banajya hirya no hino muri Afurika babikangurira abagore, banigisha imiryango kwirinda amoko yose y’ihohoterwa cyane irishingiye ku mutungo.
Mujawamungu avuga ko bagiye muri Tanzania bahugura abagore kugira uruhare ku mutungo.
Ati ” Mu Rwanda umugore afite uburenganzira ku mutungo w’umuryango rungana na 50% kuko wanditse kuri we no ku mugabo, muri Tanzania siko bimeze, twagiye kubakangurira ko baharanira ubwo burenganzira…. Twagiye muri Mauritanie nabwo kubkangurira ibyo kurwanya ruswa n’ihohoterwa.”
Bazambanza Dieudonnée wo muri uyu murenge avuga ko ubuemyi yahawe bwamugize umuhinzi uhamye, akareka ihohotera yakoreraga umugore we mbere, ubu akaba yatisha imirima akayihinga, umusaruro ukabafasha kwiteza imbere.
Aba baturage basaba ko uyu mushinga ugeze ku musozo wakongererwa igihe, bagakomeza kuwungukiramo ubumenyi bubateza imbere, mu gihe ariko ngo utakongererwa igihe, bazegera bagenzi babo babashishikarize kwibumbira muri za koperative, ariko banabaha ubumenyi bahawe biciye muri SCAB.
Umukozi ushinzwe guteza imbere ishoramari, umurimo n’amakoperative mu Murenge wa Muko, Nduwimana Jean Bosco yemeza ko umushinga SCAB wafashije guhindura imyumvire y’abaturage.
Ati” Abanyamuryango b’amakoperative muri Muko ubona ko bazi uburenganzira bwabo cyane kubera uyu mushinga w’abafatanyabikorwa SCAB wabongereye ubumenyi mu bijyanye no kugira uruhare mu ngengo y’imari igenerwa ubuhinzi.”
Avuga ko hari impinduka zagiye zigaragara zirimo imbuto y’ifumbire n’imbuto z’indobanure bibagereraho ku gihe, bagahingira igihe bitandukanye na mbere.
Ibyo byatumye abaturage bongera umusaruro agereranyije na mbere. Mu rwego rwo gukomeza mu murongo batangiye, ubuyobozi bw’umurenge bwiyemeje kuzageza ubumenyi abahuguwe na SCAB babonye biciye mu makoperative bahuriyemo.
Uyu mushinga washyizwe mu bikorwa muri iki gihe cy’imyaka itatu n’umuryango nterankunga Action Aid, n’Impuzamiryango CCOAIB na CLADHO.
Leta y’u Rwanda iha agaciro uruhare rw’umuturage mu bimukorerwa, kuko ngo yumva ari ibye. Ni muri urwo rwego mu mpera za 2018 yafashe umunsi umwe wo kuwa Kabiri mu nteko z’abaturage, bagatanga ibitekerezo byashingirwaho mu igenamigambi.
Ntakirutimana Deus
