Menya byinshi ku ibarura rusange rya 5 ryitezweho kuba igisubizo ku bafite ubumuga

Leta y’u Rwanda irateganya ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire (Population and Housing Census, PHC) rizaba muri Kanama 2022, ryitezweho gusubiza ikibazo inzego z’abafite ubumuga bakunze kugaragaza ko imibare yagaragajwe mu ibarura rusange rishize idahura neza n’izo nzezo zabonye nyuma bityo ntibitume banoza ibijyanye n’igenamigambi ryabo.

Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire ni umwe mu mishinga y’ibanze Igihugu gishingiraho kugira ngo kigene ibigomba gukorerwa abaturage byabageza ku majyambere arambye mu bijyanye n’ubukungu n’imibereho yabo ya buri munsi. Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga yakunze gutangaza ko abafite ubumuga bose batamenyekanye bigoye guteganya igenamigambi ryabo.

Ibyo byagaragajwe n’ihuriro ry’Imiryango Nyarwanda y’abantu bafite Ubumuga, NUDOR. Umuyobozi w’uyu muryango Bizimana Dominique, yabikomojeho  mu kiganiro cyabaye mu Kuboza 2020, cyibanze ku burezi bw’abafite ubumuga, ingaruka COVID-19 yabugizeho n’ibisubizo Guverinoma yabishakiye.

Bizimana yavuze ko imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) yo mu 2002 yerekana ko abafite ubumuga mu gihugu hose ari 400,056 nyamara abo bo babaruye nka NUDOR barenga iyo mibare mu turere dutanu.

Ati “Turabizi imibare itangwa n’Ikigo cy’Ibarurishamibare baravuga ngo ibihumbi 400 na 56 ariko nk’ubushakashatsi NUDOR twashoboye gukora twebwe twenyine abo twagiye tubarura nko mu turere dutanu bashobora kuba barenga iyo mibare ni ukuvuga ngo uburyo bakoresheje ntabwo tubyemera niyo mpamvu imibare ihari ku giti cyanjye nk’umuyobozi wa NUDOR ntabwo nyemera.”

Yavuze ko hari uturere NISR yagiye igaragaza ko turimo nk’abantu ibihumbi 15 by’abantu bafite ubumuga nyamara bo bagasanga hari ibihumbi 30.

Ibyo ngo bifite ingaruka kuri serivisi abantu bafite ubumuga basaba guhabwa kuko akenshi ziba zishingiye ku igenamigambi rihabanye n’imibare y’ukuri.

Yakomeje ati “Iyo ugiye kuganira na RSSB irakubaza ite ese abakeneye insimburangingo ni bangahe, abakeneye amavuta y’uruhu ni bangahe, abakeneye inkoni zera ni bangahe? Urumva icyo gihe nabo mu igenamigambi biragora n’igihugu muri rusange ni yo mpamvu dushaka imibare ifatika noneho icyo gihe n’igenamigambi bazadukorera bazaba bazi n’igiciro kizabijyaho.”

Icyabaye mu ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire ryo mu 2002 ngo ni uko hatakoreshejwe uburyo bwemewe mu ibarura ry’abafite ubumuga. Kuri ubu ariko ngo bazagenzura niba hakoreshwa uburyo bwemewe bwasabwe n’imyanzuro ya Geneve bwitwa Washington group of Patience mu ibarura rizakorwa mu 2022.

Ubusabe bw’abafite ubumuga buri mu byatekerejweho n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR), bikazanozwa mu ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire rya gatanu nkuko byemezwa n’inararibonye mu Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire Uwayezu Beatrice nkuko yabigarutseho mu kiganiro yahaye abanyamakuru kuwa 22 Kanama 2021.

Agira ati “Icyo kibazo cyaragaragajwe hanyuma NISR yemeranya n’Inama y’Igihugu y’Abafite Ubumuga ko kuri iyi nshuro abafite ubumuga bazabarurwa ndetse hari ibibazo bigera kuri birindwi bibareba by’umwihariko bizabazwa mu ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire (.”

Ku ruhande rw’ihuriro ry’imiryango y’abafite ubumuga, NUDOR ryanyuzwe n’icyo gisubizo nkuko Bizimana yabibwiye ibinyamakuru bitandukanye.

Uko ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire rikorwa n’ibyibandwaho

Buri myaka icumi, mu Rwanda hakorwa census yitwa Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire (Population and Housing Census, PHC); kuri iyi nshuro hagiye gukorwa ‘census’ ya Gatanu.

Abayobozi ku nzego zose bakenera kumenya umubare w’abaturage bayobora kugirango bashobore gutegura igenamigambi rihamye, bazi neza abo bateganyiriza uko bangana, ibyiciro by’imyaka y’amavuko barimo, uko batuye n’uko biyongera.

Kugirango ibyo byose bishoboke, buri muntu asabwe kwibaruza, nta n’umwe wibagiranye cyangwa ngo yibaruze kabiri. Ba Nyir’ingo cyangwa ababahagarariye basabwA gutanga ibisubizo nyabyo bagaragaza imibereho bwite yabatuye urugo bose kugirango ingamba zizafatwa zibe zije gukemura koko ibibazo nyakuri byagaragajwe n’ibisubizo byatanzwe na buri rugo cyangwa ikigo.

Mu byo ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire  riba rigamije, hari ugukusanya amakuru atandukanye afasha igihugu mu igenamigambi nko kumenya ngo igihugu gituwe n’abaturage bangahe, abagabo ni bangahe, abagore ni bangahe.

Bimwe mu biba bikenewe hari ukumenya amazina, igitsina, imyaka ya buri muntu, kumenya ubumuga, ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima kuri buri muntu, kumenya abana bari munsi y’imyaka 18 babana cyangwa batabana n’ababyeyi babo, kumenya gusoma no kwandika, amashuri umuntu yize n’impamyabushobozi afite, kumenya niba umuntu akora, icyo akora n’aho akorera, irangamimerere rya buri muntu, kumenya umubare w’urubyaro rw’umugore n’umubare w’abana bakiriho, ikibazo ku miturire, ibikoresho n’amatungo by’urugo, kumenya abantu bapfuye mumezi cumi n’abiri ashize n’impfu z’ababyeyi n’ibindi.

Ijoro ry’ibarura

Bimaze kuba umuco ko ijoro ry’ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire mu Rwanda ritangirwa no gukusanya amakuru[imibare] y’abaraye mu rugo runaka mu ijoro ryo kuwa 15 Kanama rishyira kuwa 16, bamwe mu bemera Yezu bita Asomusiyo[ijyanwa mu ijuru rya Bikira Mariya]. Uwo munsi witwa ijoro ry’ibarura. Bityo abanyarwanda bagasabwa kwibuka abaraye mu ngo zabo no kubamenyaho amakuru y’ibanze, bakazayabwira umukarani w’ibarura igihe cyose azaba abagezo. Ababaza amakuru y’abaraye muri urwo rugo, bityo bagafashwa nuko tariki 15 Kanama [Asomusiyo] ari umunsi abanyarwanda benshi baha agaciro, bibuka.

Icyo gikorwa kimara iminsi 15, gikorwa muri icyo gihe gikunze kurangwa n’umucyo, nta mvura ikunze kugwa ngo ibe yavangira icyo gikorwa, ikindi ni uko usanga n’abanyeshuri baba baravuye ku mashuri bari mu kiruhuko.

Umunsi urebwa cyane ni tariki 15 Kanama, bityo umukarani w’ibarura ntarebwa n’andi makuru yabaye nyuma y’uwo munsi; abavutse cyangwa abapfuye nyuma y’iyo tariki ntibari mu byo akora mu kazi ke icyo gihe.

Umuturage utaraye mu rugo asanzwe abarizwamo abarurwa aho yaraye, ariko n’aho yari asanzwe aba akahabarurwa nk’utuye ariko uteri uhari. NISR ivuga ko kugirango umuntu abarwe ko atuye ahantu ari uko byibura aba ahatuye mu gihe cy’amezi 6, nyamara hari igihe aba ahatuye igihe kitageze kuri ayo mezi ariko afite gahunda yo kuzahamara byibura ayo mezi [6].

Iryo ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire kandi ryibanda ku ngo, ku buryo abaraye mu nsengero n’ahandi hahurira abantu benshi, batabarurirwa aho baraye, ahubwo babarurirwa mu ngo zabo, muri ba baturage batuye ariko batari aho mu ijoro ry’ibarura. Gusa hari abandi babarurwa mu buryo bwihariye nk’abasirikare n’abapolisi baba mu bigo, imfungwa n’abagororwa ndetse n’abanyeshuri bigira mu bigo ariko bakanabigumamo mu gihe cy’ikiruhuko.

Bitewe n’uko Umukarani w’Ibarura azajya mu ngo bwa mbere aje kwandika numero ku nzu zituwe ari nazo zizamufasha kumenya umubare w’ingo azabarura mu gihe cyategenyijwe n’uko azazikurikiranya, nta na rumwe yibagiwe cyangwa ngo arubarure kabiri, abaturage barasabwa kutazisiba kugeza igihe cyagenewe Ibarura Rusange kirangiye.

Ba nyir’ingo basabwa kwibuka abaraye mu ngo zabo bishobotse bakaba banabyandika ahantu) abazaba baraye mu ngo zabo muri iryo joro n’abazaba bataharaye ariko basanzwe baba mu rugo hamwe n’abashyitsi bagendereye urugo bakaharara muri iryo joro. Ibibazo byose abakarani b’ibarura bazabaza ku munsi uwo ari wose muri iyo minsi 15 igenewe ibarura bizaba bireba iryo joro.

Ibikorwa bibanziriza ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire 

Bimwe mu bikorwa bibanziriza ibarura nyirizina birimo gushyira ingo mu byitwa udupande, agapande gahuza ingo 150. Utwo dupande tukorerwamo n’umukarani w’ibarura mu mirimo ibanziriza iryo barura iteganyijwe hagati y’Ugushyingo 2020 na Kamena 2021. Ibyo bikorwa mu cyitwa kwitegura ibarura rusange, bityo hagakorwa icyitwa ibarura mbonera cyangwa ibarura Gerageza.

NISR ivuga ko ubusanzwe iri barura Gerageza ryajyaga rikorwa muri Kanama[ buri myaka 10 ikorwamo ibarura rusange], ariko birakorwa muri Nzeri kubera ingaruka z’icyorezo COVID-19.

Nimero zandikwa ku nzu

Nimero zandikwa ku nzu zifasha umukarani w’Ibarura kumenya ingo amaze kubarura n’izo asigaje. Zimufasha cyane cyane kutagira urugo asimbuka cyangwa ngo arubarure kabiri. Ba Nyir’ingo bagomba kwirinda gusiba izo nimero igihe cyose ibarura rizaba ritararangira mu gihugu kabone n’ubwo ingo zabo zaba zabaruwe.

Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga bigenda gute?

Abanyarwanda bari hanze y’igihugu nabo basabwa kujya kwibaruza kuri za Ambasade z’u Rwanda ziri mu bihugu barimo. Kwibaruza ni itegeko kuri buri Munyarwanda.

Amabarura yabaye mu Rwanda

Mu Rwanda hamaze gukorwa ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire inshuro enye. Irya mbere ryabaye muri Kanama 1978, irya kabiri muri Kanama 1991 irya gatatu muri Kanama 2002 naho irya kane riba muri Kanama 2012  mu gihe irya gatanu riteganyijwe muri Kanama 2022.

Menya ibarura rusange riheruka

ibarura rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire  riheruka mu 2012 ryerekanye ko Abanyarwanda ari 12, 955, 736. Icyo gihe abagore bari  52%  naho abagabo bagize 48%  by’abaturage. Abagabo 48,5% ni  ( 5,864,284),  abagore 51,5% ni abantu 6,225,436 . Ikindi ryerekanye ni uko abangana na 38,7% ( 4,680,757) ari abari munsi y’imyaka 14.

Imibare yo muri kiriya gihe yerekanaga ko umubare w’abatuye u Rwanda wikubye inshuro zirenze ebyiri kuva mu mwaka w’1978, ubwo habaga ibarura rusange rya mbere, na 2012 ubwo ibarurarusange riheruka.

Iyo mibare ahanini yazamuwe n’umuvuduko mu bwiyongere bw’abaturage.

Ubwiyongere bwari 2.6% hagati y’umwaka wa 2002 na 2012 bukaba bwari 3.1% hagati y’umwaka wa 1978 na 1991.

Mu Rwanda ubwiyongere bwaragabanutse kugera kuri 1.2%. Bwagabanutse cyane  hagati y’umwaka wa 1991 na 2002 bwatewe ahanini na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Muri  2016 ubucucike bw’abaturage kuri kilometero kare bwari abaturage 434, ubu bukaba ari ubucucike buri hejuru ugereranyaje n’ubuso bw’u Rwanda.

Ubwiyongere bukabije

Muri rusange  aya mbarura yagiye akorwa yerekana ko umubare w’Abanyarwanda ugenda wiyongeraho ku mpuzandengo ya 2.6% buri mwaka, guhera muri 2002. Abanyarwanda bakaba barakabakabaga miliyoni 13 muri 2020.

Imibare ya NISR igaragaza ko umugore w’Umunyarwandakazi uri mu kigero cyo kubyara, (hagati y’imyaka 15-49) abyara abana 4.2, mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2020, ubucucike bw’abaturage (densité) bugaragaza ko abaturage 406 batuye kuri kilometero kare imwe. Wagendera kuri ya mpuzandengo y’ubwiyongere bwa 2.6% buri mwaka ubu bucucike buzaba bugeze ku baturage 450 kuri kilometero kare imwe muri 2027.

Hejuru ku ifoto: Abayobozi n’abakozi bahagarariye uturere two mu ntara y’Amajyaruguru bari kugezwaho ibyavuye mu ibarura rusange rya 2012/ Ifoto/ Kigali Today

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