Busingye yemeza ko ‘ishyamba’ ryari hagati ya leta na sosiyete sivile ku burenganzira bwa muntu ritakiriho

Minisitiri w’Ubutabera Busingye Johnston avuga ko higeze kubaho icyo yita nk’ishyamba ryari hagati ya Leta na sosiyete Sivile ku bijyanye no gutanga raporo ku buryo bwo kugenzurana no kugirana inama mu bihugu bigize Loni , bubifasha kumenya aho bihagaze mu kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu n’icyo bigomba gukora.

Buri nyuma myaka hafi itanu ibihugu 193 bigize Loni bihurira i Geneve mu Busuwisi mu cyitwa UPR[Universal Periodic Review], aho ibyo bihugu byerekwa  ibyo bisabwa ku iyubahirizwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu byitwa imyanzuro-nama, ni mu gihe mbere yaho bisabwa raporo y’icyo byagiye bikora ku bijyanye n’iyo myanzuro biba byarahawe mbere .

U Rwanda rwatangiye kwitabira iyi gahunda mu 2011. I Geneve leta itanga raporo ku byakozwe, sosiyete sivile n’indi miryango nabyo bikayitanga. Ahereye uko izo mpande zombi ztangaga raporo Minisitiri w’ubutabera bw’u Rwanda, Busingye Johnston avuga ko mu mizo ya mbere habayeho imikorere iteye impungenge hagati y’impande zombi agereranya nk’ishyamba ryari hagati y’inzo nzego. Yabivuze kuwa Mbere tariki 14 Kamena 2021  mu kiganiro yagiranaga n’abanyamakuru barimo kungurwa ubumenyi ku bijyanye na UPR.

Agira ati “Bwa mbere tugitangira muri za 2011[gutanga raporo kuri UPR], twari dufitemo inyeshyamba, nko guhamagara abanyamakuru kuri ubu buryo ntawabirotaga. N’abanyamakuru bashaka kugira uruhare bakoreraga mu gashyamba na sosiyete sivile ikajya mu kandi gashyamba, leta ikaba ariyo iguma ku mugaragaro hariya.”

Akomeza avuga ko abo bari mu gashyamba bakora raporo bakayirinda cyane, ngo hatazahira umuntu n’umwe utuma leta iyigwaho, nyamara bari kwandika ibyo leta ikora, nyamara bakayihisha ngo hatazagira uwo muri leta uyigwaho.

Icyo gihe ngo inama zigakorwa n’ijoro, zigakorerwa hanze y’umujyi, bakajya mu nzu z’abantu, akeka ko zakorerwaga mu byumba bifunze.

Kohereza raporo i Geneve nabwo kinyeshyamba

Akomeza avuga ko uko kwihisha kwakomerezaga mu zindi nzira. Ati “No kuyohereza [raporo] ngirango bagombaga gushakisha umurongo bizeye. Ugomba kuba butaranyuraga mu mirongo dusanzwe dukoresha nk’igihugu. Bagomba kuba barajyaga nko mu kindi gihugu bakohereza, bakabwira umwe bati ‘akira iki kintu nugera hanze wohereze. Naho niwoherereza ahangaha ntawamenya.”

Icyo gihe kandi ngo wasangaga abari ku ruhande rw’imiryango itari iya leta ndetse n’abo muri leta bajya gutanga izo raporo bagenda mu ndege imwe ariko ngo bakagenda batavugana bameze nk’abanzi, icyo avuga ngo ‘mukagenda mu ndee imwe mudakundana.

Yungamo ko mu gihe u Rwanda rwagenzurwaga nabwo ku nshuro ya kabiri[nyuma y’imyaka hafi itanu] bisa n’ibyabaye gutyo, ariko ngo nyuma habayeho kureba kure.’

Ati “….ariko dukomeza tuvuga ibyo bintu ni ibiki. Tuzajya turwana kandi tutajya no mu baturage ngo tubabwire uburenganzira bwabo…ahubwo tugasa nkaho hari umuntu uri Geneve kandi tugomba kumushimisha, tugomba kumwetreka ko intambara twayishoboye.

Muri raporo ya gatatu nibwo ngo bafashe icyemezo cyo kwicara hamwe, bareka intambara. Agira ati “ Iya gatatu turavuga tuti ‘mureke duhamagarane twese tujya mu nzu. ..mureke tugire amatsinda ahuriwemo n’ushaka wese, mureke tuyarebe dukore evaluation[isuzuma] turebe aho duhagaze hanyuma imyaka ine n’igice nirangire twese turebe aho tugeze, turi abanyarwanda kandi abo dukorera ntabwo ari bariya bari Geneve batureba ko twarwanye neza, bakwiye kureba ko twafatanyije tugateza uburenganzira bw’abanyarwanda imbere. Nicyo dukwiye gukora.

Asaba ubufatanye bwa buri rwego gukorana na leta, bose ku neza y’umuturage.

Iyi ngo niyo nzira biyemeje, by’akarusho nyuma y’isuzuma u Rwanda rwakorewe muri uyu mwaka, batangiye urugendo rwo gukorana n’inzego zitandukanye, bahereye kuri abo banyamakuru barebera hamwe ahakiri imbogamizi ngo zikosorwe, ari nako bageza ku baturage iby’iki gikorwa ngo bamenye uburenganzira  bwabo, bashobore kubuharanira, ahari imbogamizi bazerekane zishakirwe umuti. Bityo ngo nyuma y’abanyamakuru ngo hazakurikiraho n’andi matsinda kugirango bategure urugendo rw’imyaka iri imbere bareka kururebesha i Geneve, ahubwo ku banyarwanda.

Ese koko ryari ishyamba?

Abari mu ruhande rutari urwa leta bavuga ko ibintu bitari byoroshye. Ntwari John Williams wayoboye umwe mu miryango yakoraga izo raporo agira ati “ Mu by’ukuri ntiryari ishyamba nkaho ari abantu bahanganye na leta cyangwa batifuriza icyiza igihugu, ahubwo ni uko imiryango itegamiye kuri leta n’abandi bakora izo raporo bakoraga ku giti cyabo. Buri muryango woherezaga raporo ukwayo leta ikazahura nayo i Geneve itarigeze inamenya ko hari ibintu nk’ibyo byakozwe mu gihugu ngo niba hari ibyo ikeneye kuba yakosoraho ibikore nicyo cyatumaga bifatwa nk’ishyamba.”

Agaragaza ko hariho impinduka uyu munsi aho iyo miryango ihurira na leta. Ati “Ariko ubungabu sosiyete sivile irakora ikagira naho ihurira na leta, haba harimo icyuho ikacyerekana. Icyo ni cyiza kuri leta kuko hari ibyo ishobora kuba yaregwa kandi itaranze kubikora, ahubwo itamenye ko bihari. Iyo babimenyesheke leta biyifasha kubikosora, bityo bikunganira umuturage mu gihe mbere byageraga hariya[I Geneve] bimeze nk’urubanza.”

Agaragaza impungenge ko muri ya mikoranire  hari igihe hashobora kuvuka ikibazo mu gihe hari umuryango ukoze ibyo yita ku bikarishye, ukagaragaza ‘ukuri kutavugwa muri raporo yayo’usanga indi miryango itangira kuvuga ngo abangaba bataye umurongo, ntibumva neza gahunda z’igihugu bigatuma babikandagira cyangwa raporo zabo bakamenamo utuzi ibyakavuzwe ntibivugwe.

Ku ruhande rwa Twizeyimana Albert Baudouin umwe mu bari i Geneve ubwo u Rwanda rwasuzumwaga bwa mbere mu 2011 akaba n’umuhuzabikorwa w’umuryango Pax Press w’abanyamakuru baharanira amahoro avuga ko habagaho gutegana imitego, ariko ubu bikorwa ku neza y’abaturage.

Ati “Buri wese wabonaga ashaka gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iyo myanzuro nama ku giti cye, ashaka kugaragaza uko byagenze; mbere wasangaga nka sosiyete sivile ivuze ngo reka dutegereze leta niyo bayihaye[imyanzuro-nama], turebe imitego tuzayitega. Ariko ubu ishobora gusaba leta bakaganira ku byakombye gukorwa, kuko iba ihwitura leta. Birumvikana uko bikorwa ubungubu na leta yashoboraga kuba yabikoze ariko bitagaragara, yatangaza ko yabikoze abandi bakaba bavuga ko batabibonye , ubu icyiza kiriho birakorwa ku mugaragaro kandi bose bafatanyije bakunganirana, bityo umuturage akabyungukiramo.”

Uburyo busigaye bukoreshwa ngo butanga umusaruro ugaruka ku muturage nkuko byemezwa naTom Mulisa umwe mu bayobora imiryango ijya itanga izo raporo i Geneve akaba n’umwarimu muri za kaminuza zo mu mahanga n’iy’u Rwanda.

Ati “Uburyo bw’isuzuma ni uko igihugu kigomba kubikora gifatanyije na sosiyete sivile n’iyindi miryango nkuko igihugu cyonyine kidashora gushyira mu bikorwa iyo myanzuro. Kuri raporo ya gatatu leta yatumije sosiyete sivile i Musanze babasaba ibitekerezo ku biri butangwe, barabitanga bityo u Rwanda rurabitanga. Buri wese asubiza uko abona ibibazo, leta na sosiyete sivile iyo bumvikanye ku gisubizo cy’ikibazo biba ari byiza kuko kibonerwa umuti urambye, kubera ko niba leta yavuze ngo aya mategeko arareba abanyamakuru, abanyamakuru bakagira uruhare mu kugirango ibyo bikemuka, niyo mpamvu n’ikurikiranwa ryabwo rikemuka.”

Iri suzumana hagati y’ibihugu rikorerwa i Geneve usanga ibihugu 193 bigize Loni byemerewe gutanga imyanzuro-nama ku bindi, igihugu cyayihawe kiyikoraho mu buryo butatu. U Rwanda rwahawe 284 tariki 25 Mutarama 202. Rwakiriye 160[ruzakoraho], rwabonye 75 yakirwa mu buryo bamwe bita ngo sinyemeye ariko sinayanze ahubwo ndayibonye na 49 yo mu buryo bwa ntayo nemeye.