U Bushinwa bwohereje icyogajuru ku mubumbe wa Mars
Ubushinwa bwagejeje ikinyabiziga ku mubumbe wa Mars, nk’uko itangazamakuru rya leta ryabitangaje muri weekend.
Robot y’ikinyabiziga cy’imitende itandatu cyiswe Zhurong yagiye yerekeza aho bise Utopia Planitia, igice kinini kiri mu gice cya ruguru cya Mars.
Iki kinyabigiza cyakoresheje uburyo burimo ‘kumanuka mu mutaka’ (parachute) n’ubundi bunyuranye kugira ngo cyururuke.
Kubasha kugeza ikintu ku butaka bwa Mars ni igikorwa gikomeye, urebye ingorane zibirimo.
Abanyamerika bonyine ni bo kugeza ubu bari barabishoboye. Ibindi bihugu byose byagerageje, ibyo bohereje byarashwanyutse cyangwa barabibura bikigera ku butaka.
Perezida Xi Jinping w’Ubushinwa yashimiye ikipe yohereje iyo ‘robot’ mu butumwa bw’uko “bageze ku kintu gikomeye”.
Ati: “Mwabaye intwari cyane kuri iki kibazo, mwagejeje igihugu cyacu mu rwego ruri imbere rw’ubushakashatsi ku mibumbe”.
Thomas Zurbuchen ukuriye ishami rya siyansi mu kigo cya NASA cy’Abanyamerika, yahise ashimira Abashinwa ibyo bagezeho.
Yagize ati: “Twese nk’umuryango wa siyansi ku isi, niteze uruhare rukomeye ubu butumwa buzagira kuri muntu ngo asobanukirwe umubumbe utukura”.
Ikigo cy’Uburusiya cy’iby’isanzure, ROSCOSMOS, cyatangaje ko iyi ntambwe ihishura neza ubufatanye bw’ahazaza n’Ubushinwa.
Itsinda ry’abahanga bakoze iki gikorwa bishimira ubutumwa bwa perezida/SHUTTERSTOCK
Iyo ‘robot’ byemewe yageze kuri Mars nyuma gato ya saa moya ku wa gatandatu ku isaha ya Beijing, hari ku wa gatanu saa saba z’ijoro ku isaha yo mu Burundi no mu Rwanda.
Byafashe iminota 17 ngo ifungure ‘panels’ zayo zikoreshwa n’izuba maze itange ubutumwa ku isi.
Zhurong, bisobanuye Imana y’Umuriro, yajyanywe kuri Mars n’ikigendajuru Tianwen-1 cyageze hejuru ya Mars mu kwezi kwa kabiri.
Cyamaze igihe kigenzura neza agace ka Utopia, gifata amashusho yegereye cyane kugira ngo abahanga barebe ahantu heza kandi hizewe ho kururukiriza Zhurong.
Impamvu iba ari ugushaka ahantu hatari ibitare n’imihora minini, ahantu cyakururuka neza.
Intera ubu iri hagati yacu na Mars ni kilometero miliyoni 320, bivuze ko ubutumwa bwa radio bufata hafi iminota 18 ngo bugere ku isi.
Buri gikorwa cyo kururuka kwa Zhurong kugera kuri Mars rero byakorwaga n’iyi ‘robot’ ubwayo abayohereje bategereje ubutumwa bwayo.
Kururutsa iyi ‘robot’ biba byaritojwe kenshi.
Gisohoka mu kigendajuru cyakijyanye kigahuruduka mu kirere cya Mars maze ku gihe runaka cyagenwe imitaka igafunguka kugira ngo kigere ku butaka buhoro ntikihonde hasi.
Kugwa kuri Mars buri gihe ni igikorwa gikomeye cyane ariko Ubushinwa bumaze kwerekana ubushobozi mu by’ikirere buhagije ku kuba ibi babishobora.
Iki ni igihugu kimaze igihe cyururutsa ibinyabiziga ku kwezi, bikagaruka bizanye ibintu byo gukoreraho ubushakashatsi. Muri uku kwezi cyafunguye igice cya mbere cya ‘station’ y’isanzure hejuru y’umubumbe wacu.
Zhurong igiye gukora iki?
Nyuma y’uko Zhurong ihageze, ubu mu gihe cy’iminsi 90 yo kuri Mars abahanga muri siyansi bazagerageza kwiga ku kirere cyaho. Umunsi, cyangwa Sol, kuri Mars umara amasaha 24 n’iminota 39.
Zhurong irasa cyane na Spirit na Opportunity, ibinyabiziga bya NASA byo mu myaka ya 2000. Ifite uburemere bwa 240Kg ikaba ikoreshwa na ‘panels’ zikura ingufu ku zuba.
Ifite ‘camera’ iri hejuru ifata amashusho ikanayifasha kuyiyobora, ibindi bikoresho bitanu bizakora akazi ko kwiga ku bijyanye n’imiterere y’amabuye yaho hamwe n’ibidukikije, harimo n’ikirere.
Kimwe n’ibinyabiziga by’Abanyamerika, Zhurong ifite ifite urukezo rutyaye rwo gukata amabuye mu kwiga imiterere yayo na radar yo kureba munsi y’ubutaka ko haba hari amazi yabaye urubura.
Utopia Planitia ni ho NASA yagushije Viking-2 yayo mu 1976.
Hari ikibaya kinini – cya 3000Km – cyabayeho kubera ikintu cyabaye kitaramenyekana neza mu mateka ya Mars.
Hari ibimenyetso biganisha ku kuba kera cyane hano hari inyanja.
Amashusho za ‘satellites’ zifatira kure yo yerekana ko munsi cyane hashobora kuba hari urubura.
Dean Cheng, umushakashatsi wo mu kigo The Heritage Foundation cy’i Washington kireba kuri politiki n’igisirikare by’Ubushinwa, yavuze ko iki gikorwa ari intambwe ikomeye ku Bushinwa.
Yabwiye BBC ati: “Ku Bushinwa, isanzure riha inyungu ububanyi n’amahanga, na tekinoloji y’Ubushinwa, ni ukwamamaza gukomeye, byongerera imbaraga ishyaka rya gikomunisti ry’Ubushinwa ku baturage babwo.
“Isanzure kandi buri gihe riba rifite isano n’igisirikare, kujya kuri Mars, byerekana ko Ubushinwa bufite ijambo ku cyo bita ubumenyi bwa muntu ku biriho.”
Amerika mu kwezi kwa kabiri yagejeje ikinyabiziga Perseverance kuri Mars. Uburayi, bumaze kunanirwa kubyururutsa kabiri, buzohereza icyogajuru kuri Mars umwaka utaha (mu mushinga bazafatanyamo n’Abarusiya).
Ivomo:BBC
