Somaliland: Menya iby’amatora atangaje ari gutegurwa ashobora gufasha iki gihugu kwemerwa

Mark Bradbury ukuriye ikigo Rift Valley Institute ati: “Somaliland ishobora kuba igihugu cyonyine mu ihembe rya Africa gikoze amatora arimo demokarasi runaka muri uyu mwaka.”

Ahmed Dheere, umukuru wungirije w’ishyaka Kulmiye riri ku butegetsi, yunga mu rya Bradbury, ati: “Sinasobanura uburyo aya matora ari ingenzi. Tuzaba urumuri mu ihembe rya Africa nitugira amatora meza.”

Somaliland ishobora kuba irangwa na demokarasi kurusha ibindi bihugu mu karere irimo, ariko ubutegetsi bwayo si shyashya.

Amatora y’abagize inteko yakerereweho imyaka irenga 10. Amatora y’inzego z’ibanze, abera rimwe n’ayandi uyu munsi ku wa mbere, yakabaye yarabaye mu myaka ine ishize.

Hersi Ali Haji Hassan, umwe mu bakuru mu ishyaka Waddani ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ashinja abadepite kuba ari bo babiteye.

Ati: “Benshi mu badepite ni ibisambo kandi barikunda. Barahozagaye mu myaka 15 bamazeho kandi ntibashaka kuva mu ntebe bariho. Nenga kandi guverinoma kuko yungukiye mu buryo ibintu bimeze.”

Abanyamakuru barafunzwe

Hari n’ibindi bibazo. Mu nteko ishingamategeko ya Somaliland nta bahagarariye ubwoko bwa ba nyamucye kandi mu bantu 82 bayirimo harimo umugore umwe gusa, nubwo ubu bari kwiyamamaza ari benshi.

Mu kwiyamamaza abakandida batanu batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi barafunzwe. Imyifatire ya leta ku itangazamakuru yagiye iba mibi, abanyamakuru baterwa ubwoba abandi barafungwa, ibitangazamakuru bimwe birafungwa.

Habayeho umuhate kugira ngo amashyaka ya politiki ntabe ashingiye cyane cyane ku moko.

Ariko Faisal Warabe, ukuriye ishyaka ry’Ubutabera n’Iterambere, aburira ko irondamoko rikomeje kuba ikibazo.

Ati: “Ubutegetsi bushingiye ku moko buhabanye na demokarasi. Tugomba kuburandura. Cyangwa se Somaliland ikazaba nka Yemen, amoko agahangana ari nako ashwanyaguza igihugu”.

Bwana Warabe arashaka ko Inzu y’Inararibonye cyangwa se ‘guurti’ ivanwaho, iyi igizwe n’abakuru b’amoko yose akomeye muri Somaliland.

Ati: “Abo bantu bamwe ni bo bayirimo kuva mu 1993, kandi iyo umwe mu bakuru b’ubwoko apfuye asimburwa n’umuhungu we. Ibi si demokarasi.”

Birakomeye kugeraranya ibintu uko bimeze muri Somaliland no muri Somalia.

Abdi Ahmed, umunyeshuri muri Kaminuza ya Hargeisa, ati: “Mu ngorane zayo zose, Somaliland [uko abantu bayo babibona] iri imbere ya Somalia ibirometero miliyoni, nyamara ikomeje kuvuga ko turi agace kayo kandi idashobora no gutegura n’amatora aziguye.”

Somaliland na Somalia:

Perezida Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo wa Somalia yizeje amatora mu 2020, ariko kugeza ubu ntaraba.

Igihugu ubu kiri mu bibazo by’urusobe birimo abakuru b’amoko bagomba gutora abagize inteko nabo bagatora perezida.

Mu minsi ishize ubwo Farmajo yagerageje kwiyongeza imyaka ibiri kuri manda ye bikanga, inzego za gisirikare zacitsemo kabiri, bamwe ku ruhande rwa perezida abandi ku batavuga rumwe na we.

Buri gice cyafashe uduce dutandukanye twa Mogadishu, habaye urugomo rwamaze igihe gitoya.

Bamwe babibona nk’ibisekeje ko igihugu ubundi kitemewe ubu kigiye gukora amatora ya karindwi kuva cyakwitandukanya na Somalia, igihugu kitaragira amatora yo muri demokarasi kuva mu myaka irenga 50 ishize.

Amabendera y’ibihugu muri Somaliland

Mu gihe Somalia yashegeshwe n’amakimbirane ashingiye ku moko n’urugomo rushingiye ku idini mu myaka 30, Somaliland ahanini yaranzwe n’amahoro.

Somaliland kandi yagiye itegura amatora arimo guhatana kuboneka, ayavuzwe cyane ni ayo mu 2003 aho Dahir Riyale Kahin yatsindiye umwanya wa perezida ku kinyuranyo cy’amajwi amagana macyeya cyangwa se 0.01%.

Amatora aheruka ya perezida muri Somaliland yabaye mu 2017. Kuko perezida atorerwa manda y’imyaka itanu ishobora kongerwa rimwe andi matora ateganyijwe mu 2022.

Hashize imyaka 30 iki gihugu gisaba kwemerwa n’isi ariko ntikirumvwa.

Ibihugu by’amahanga bivuga ko ibya Somaliland bikwiye kugenwa n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Africa, ariko ugenza macye mu kureka ibihugu bicikamo ibice ku mugabane w’imbibi z’ibihugu zaciwe n’abakoloni.

Gusa n’ubwo itemewe nk’igihugu cyigenga, Somaliland iri kugenda yagura umubano n’ibihugu binyuranye ku isi.

Umubare w’amabendera y’ibihugu by’amahanga aboneka mu murwa mukuru, Hargeisa, ugenda wiyongera kuko ibihugu bihafungura ibiro bibihagarariye.

Ibyo birimo Djibouti, Ethiopia, Turukiya, Ubwongereza, Denmark, Emira Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE) na Taiwan, iyi yo ibona Somaliland nk'”umuvandimwe” kuko bisangiye kuba bitemewe.

Kenya, imaze igihe ifitanye ibibazo na Somalia, hamwe na Misiri, birateganya nabyo kuhagira ibiro.

Kuki biri kwiyongera?

Somaliland iri ahantu h’ingenzi cyane. Ni ku irembo rigana mu kigobe cya Aden no ku nyanja itukura.

Nta gitunguranye ko izari Leta zunze ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti zubatse umuhanda w’indege wa 4Km, umwe mu miremire cyane muri Africa, ku cyambu cya Berbera mu guhangana na Amerika mu ntambara y’ubutita.

Amasezerano ku cyambu na UAE

Birashoboka ko ibibazo muri Ethiopia bizatuma Somaliland irushaho kuba ahantu ho kwitaho ku bihugu bikomeye.

Hari kandi amahirwe akomeye mu bukungu.

Mu 2016, UAE yasinye amasezerano y’imyaka 30 y’agaciro ka miliyoni hafi $500 yo kubaka no gukoresha icyambu cya Berbera, igikorwa cyahawe izina ry'”umushinga wa mbere ukomeye w’ubwubatsi wo mu ihembe rya Africa”.

Hari umuhanda uri kubakwa uhuza Berbera na Ethiopia, uha andi mahirwe iki gihugu kidakora ku nyanja yo kudacungira gusa ku cyambu gihora gihuze cyane cya Djibouti.

Somaliland irakize ku bworozi – intama zayo z’imirizo minini n’ingamiya, ni iby’agaciro kanini mu bihugu byo mu barabu.

Miliyoni z’amatungo zoherezwa mu mahanga buri mwaka, imitwe y’ingamiya iba iboneka hejuru mu mato ari mu nyanja mu gihe ihene n’intama ziba zuzuye hasi mu mato.

Aka gace gafite indi mitungo kamere, irimo ibitoro bitarakorwaho, n’amabuye y’agaciro. Ku mwaro waho inyanja yaho igira amafi menshi.

Byashoboka ko bamwe bafite icyizere cyinshi cyane ku byo aya matora azazanira Somaliland.

Bwana Dheere wo mu ishyaka Kulmiye yizera ako aya matora azafasha aka gace kugera ku ntego zako.

Ati: “Nagenda neza, dutekereza ko tuzemerwa.”