Menya byimbitse icyatumye Sima ihenda ku isoko ry’ u Rwanda

Uruganda rukora Sima, Cimerwa ruherutse gutangaza ko nta ruhare rwigeze rugira mu bijyanye n’ihenda rya sima hirya no hino mu gihugu, aho umufuka wavuye ku giciro kiri munsi y’ibihumbi 10 kikagera kuri 15 hamwe, ni nde nyirabazana w’iki kibazo?

Isoko yo guhenda Abanyarwanda ntabwo iri ku ruganda Cimerwa, ahubwo yashakirwa ku bacuruzi bato bagiye barangura iyi sima ku giciro gito gisanzweho nyamara bo bakayigurisha amafaranga menshi, mu rwego rwo gushaka indoke, kubera ko sima yari yabaye nkeya ku isoko.

Cimerwa itangaza ko Abanyarwanda bakenera toni za sima zisaga ibihumbi 550, ubu rukora igera ku bihumbi 500, ariko mu minsi ishize yari nke ku isoko kubera imirimo yo kuvugurura uru ruganda.

Impamvu zatumye Sima iba nke ku isoko

Kuvugurura no gusana uruganda
Uru ruganda ruherutse kumara ibyumweru bitatu ruri kuvugurura ibikorwaremezo ndetse no gusana ibishya nkuko bisobanurwa n’umuyobozi warwo Bheki Mthembi ukomoka muri Afurika y’Epfo.

Ubusanzwe uru ruganda rwari rwateganyije iyi mirimo mu Kwakira 2017, nyuma haza kuba impamvu zitaruturutseho. Icyo gihe rwari rwateganyije ko ruzakora sima ihagije yazaba yifashishwa muri icyo gihe cyose. Imirimo yaje kwimurirwa muri Mata uyu mwaka.

Ibyo byatewe na sima nyinshi yari ikenewe ku isoko; mu bikorwa binini biri kubakwa mu Rwanda, ariko hagenda hagaragara ibindi bibazo by’ibura ry’umuriro cyane muri Nzeri 2017 ndetse n’ibikoresho bitandukanye byagiye bibura ibindi bigahenda. Imirimo yo kuvugurura uru ruganda yatwaye hafi miliyari 3 z’amaafaranga y’u Rwanda, ni ukuvuga miliyoni 3 n’ibihumbi 300 by’amadolari ya Amerika. Iyi mirimo yatumye uruganda ruhomba 65% by’amafaranga rwinjizaga mu kwezi.

Havuguruwe ikoranabuhanga ry’uruganda(Technologie, soma tekinoloji), ibyuma bikoreshwa, ibifite imyenge birahomwa ibindi birasimbizwa. Hari ndetse n’ibyaturutse mu mahanga byitezweho kumara imyaka ibiri ariko bipfa bitaramara umwaka, ibyo nibyo byasimbuwe.

Sima mu karere yarabuze

Mthembi avuga ko Cimerwa yahuye n’ikibazo cyo guhenda kwa sima ku isoko hari abagishyize kuri Cimerwa, nyamara ntibavuge izindi nganda zo mu mahanga zajyaga zizana sima mu Rwanda.

Asobanura ko imirimo yo kuvugurura Cimerwa yahuriranye n’iy’isanwa z’inganda zo mu karere, cyane ko hari mu gihe cy’imvura ngo mu gihe cy’impeshyi[ mu gihe gikorwamo ubwubatsi cyane] sima izaboneke.

Ibyo ni bimwe mu byatumye icyuho cya sima cyatewe n’imirimo y’uru ruganda kitabona indi ikiziba.

Imbogamizi Cimerwa yahuye nazo
Mbere yo gusana uru ruganda, Cimerwa yajyaga igura muri Tanzania amakara yifashishwa mu gukora sima, cyane mu bijyanye no gusya amabuye. Kuyabona byaje kugorana ubwo leta y’icyo gihugu yategekaga inganda zaho zikora sima, kwirinda kujya kuyagura hanze, ahubwo zikayagura mu gihugu. Imodoka za Cmerwa zajyagayo zigatonda imirongo itarangira kubera ingano nini y’abashakaga ayo makara. Urwo rugendo kandi rwabangamirwaga n’imvura imaze iminsi igwa.

Umuriro wabaye ingume wabaye imbogamizi ikomeye

Hagati ya Nzeri n’Ugushyingo 2017 habayeho ikibazo gikomeye cy’umuriro wagendaga ugaruka. Ubuyobozi bw’uruganda buvuga ko iyo uwo muriro ugiye iminota 30 yonyine, bikerereza uru ruganda mu buryo budasanzwe, kuko ngo bisaba kongera gushyushya imashini zikora sima mu gihe cy’amasaha 24[angana n’umunsi]. Ibi bivuze ko umuriro umaze iyi minota ugiye bihagarika imirimo y’uruganda mu gihe cy’umunsi.

Kugenda kwawo kandi ngo bituma hari ibyuma by’imashini byangirika, ku buryo kongera kubisana bisaba izindi mbaraga. Cimerwa iri gushaka uburyo yakemura iki kibazo mu buryo burambye.

Ibuye rikorwamo sima ryabaye ingume mu karere

Uruganda rutangaza ko rwabuze mu karere ibuye [crinker] rukenera cyane mu bijyanye no gukora sima, kuko ngo iyo rurifite, ruba rufite hagati ya 70 na 80% bya sima. Uruganda rwari ruzi ko ruzaribona mu bihugu by’akarere, ariko ngo ntagihari ku buryo birusaba kujya mu bihugu bya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu(UAE), kurigurayo. Usanga ngo ruhendwa no kurigeza i Kigali.

Ubutaka buvamo amabuye bugenda bujwenga

Uruganda rutangira ku buryo bwisumbuyeho imirimo mu mwaka wa 2015, sosiyete ya PPC(Pretoria Portland Cement Company Limited) ikomoka muri Afurika y’Epfo imaze kugura imigabane ingana na 51% by’uruganda, ngo bakoreshaga itaka rifite ikigero cy’amazi kigera ku 10% nyamara, ngo ubu butaka bwo mu Mashyuza buragenda burushaho kujwenga[kugira igipimo kinini cy’amazi, ku buryo bufite 20%.

Mu byumweru bibiri ikibazo kiraba cyarangiye

Ese Cimerwa niyo yazamuye igiciro?

Mthembi yabisubiyemo kenshi ko niba hari abazamuye igiciro batigeze babitumwa na Cimerwa, kuko ngo yari yararanguje abakiliya bayo ku giciro gisanzwe. Mbere y’uko iki kibazo gitangira, Cimerwa ifatanyije na minisiteri ifite ubucuruzi mu nshingano zayo, basohoye itangazo ry’uko ntawe ugomba kuriza igiciro cya Sima, ko igiciro kitazarenga amafaranga 9800 kuri sima ifatwa nk’iya mbere.
Nubwo bimeze gutyo hari aho abashakaga sima bageraga bakabwirwa ko bishyura amafaranga agera mu bihumbi 15, atandukanye n’ikiguzi izo nzego zatangaje.

Abo Cimerwa yamenya ngo baganira kuko ngo bitemewe, ndetse ngo na sima iteganya kuzaba yagejeje hanze muri icyo gihe uzayihenda, bazamwihanangiriza abe yahanwa.

Uru ruganda ndetse ruvuga ko rutakwirengera ingaruka na zimwe z’abahenze Abanyarwanda muri icyo gihe.
Abanyarwanda bashonje bahishiwe
Mthembi avuga ko nubwo bashoye amafaranga menshi mu gusana no kuvugurura uru ruganda, ariko ko batazahenda sima, kuko ngo ahubwo imirimo bakoze, akurikije uburyo yanogejwe n’umusaruro bizatanga igiciro cya sima gishobora kuzagabanuka. Ibyo biterwa n’uko iyo mirimo yorohereje uruganda mu bikorwa byayo. Ibyo birimo gukoresha umurimo muke n’ibindi.

Mthembi ati “Imirimo yakozwe yari ihenze birumvikana kandi irakomeye, ni igikorwa twiyemeje gukora tuzi neza ko kizaduhenda,,,, nitubona twageze ku cyo twifuza, dushobora no kugabanya ikiguzi cya sima. Gahunda yacu amaherezo ni ukugirango sima izagabanuke mu giciro.”

Cimerwa yatangiye imirimo yayo mu mwaka w’1984, mu mwaka w’2013 yakoraga toni 100 ku mwaka, icyo gihe yashowemo imari na Sosiyete PPC , kugeza muri Nzeri 2017 rwakoraga toni ibihumbi 380, ubu zabaye ibihumbi 500 ku mwaka, mu gihe muri 2020 bateganya gukora izigera kuri 600.

Mu Rwanda muri iyi minsi hari imirimo minini ikenera sima nyarwanda ya Cimerwa. Urugero ni ikibuga cy’indege cya Bugesera gikenera 20% bya sima uru ruganda rukora ku mwaka. Sima y’uru ruganda igera hirya no hino mu gihugu hifashishijwe imodoka zarwo ziyigeza ku bafatanyabikorwa 80 bakorana.

Kugeza uyu munsi uru ruganda ruri mu maboko ya Sosiyete PPC , iri ku mwanya wa mbere mu nganda zikomeye zikora sima mu gihugu cya Afurika y’Epfo. Muri uru ruganda ifitemo imigabane ingana na 51% mu gihe leta y’u Rwanda n’ibigo byayo nka RSSB n’ibindi bifitemo imigabane ingana na 49%.

Ntakirutimana Deus