Afghanistan: Umu-Taliban avuga ko Amerika yatsinzwe intambara barwanaga

Gutwara imodoka ukagera mu karere kagenzurwa n’Abataliban ntibifata umwanya. Iminota 30 uvuye mu mujyi wa Mazar-e-Sharif, twahuye n’uwatwakiriye: Haji Hekmat, mayor w’akarere ka Balkh.

Umugabo witeye imibavu wambaye igitambaro cyo mu mutwe (turban) cy’umukara, amaze igihe kinini mu batalibani kuko yinjiyemo kuva mu myaka ya 1990 igihe bategekaga igice kinini cy’igihugu.

Abataliban bateguye ibyo kutumurikira birimo imbaraga za gisirikare. Abagabo bafite intwaro zikomeye batonze umurondo kuri buri ruhande rw’umuhanda, umwe afite irasa za grenade, undi imbunda ya M4 bambuye ingabo za Amerika. Balkh yahoze ari kamwe mu duce dutekanye mu gihugu; ubu ni kamwe mu twiganjemo urugomo.

Baryalai, umutegetsi waho wa gisirikare uzwiho amahane, aratwereka hepfo mu muhanda, ati: “ingabo za leta ziri hariya hafi y’isoko, ariko ntibashobora kuva mu birindiro byabo. Aka gace ni ak’aba mujahideen”.

Ni uko bimeze henshi muri Afghanistan: leta igenzura imijyi n’insisiro nkuru, ariko Abataliban barabagose, bari henshi mu bice by’icyaro.

Aba barwanyi bagenzura aho bategeka bakoresheje za bariyeri ku mihanda mikuru. Abatalibani bahagarika bagahata ibibazo imodoka zitambuka, Aamir Sahib Ajmal, ukuriye ubutasi bw’Abataliban hano yatubwiye ko baba bashakisha abantu bakorana na leta.

Ati: “Turabafata tukabafunga. Maze tukabashyikiriza inkiko zikaba ari zo zivuga igikurikiraho.”

Abatalibani bumva ko ari bo batsinze. Yicaye ku gikombe cy’icyayi, Haji Hekmat ati: “Twatsinze intambara, Amerika yaratsinzwe.”

Icyemezo cya Perezida Joe Biden wa Amerika cyo gucyura abasirikare bayo bari bahasigaye mu kwezi kwa cyenda, cyavuzweho cyane n’abategetsi ba politiki b’Abatalibani.

Haji Hekmat ati: “Twiteguye ikintu cyose. Twiteguye rwose amahoro, kandi tuniteguye neza intambara ntagatifu (jihad).” Umukuru w’abasirikare umwicaye iruhande yungamo ati: “Jihad ni igikorwa cyo gusenga. Kandi gusenga ni ikintu, uko wagikora kose, ntabwo unanirwa.”

Mu mwaka ushize, habonetse kwivuguruza kwa “jihad” y’Abatalibani. Bahagaritse ibitero ku ngabo z’amahanga nyuma y’ubwumvikane na Amerika, ariko bakomeza kurwanya leta ya Kabul. Gusa Haji Hekmat ashimangira ko nta kwivuguruza kurimo. “Turashaka leta ya Kisilamu itegekwa na Sharia. Tuzakomeza jihad yacu kugeza ubwo bazemera ibyo dusaba.”

Ku kuba Abatalibani bakwemera cyangwa batakwemera gusangira ubutegetsi na leta, Haji Hekmat abiharira ubutegetsi bw’uyu mutwe buba muri Qatar. Asubiramo ati: “Icyo bagena tuzacyemera.”

Abatalibani ntabwo bibona nk’umutwe wigometse, ahubwo nka guverinoma itegereje gusubira ku butegetsi. Ubwabo biyita “Emira ya Kisilamu ya Afghanistan”, izina bakoreshaga bakiri ku butegetsi kuva mu 1996 kugeza bahiritswe nyuma y’ibitero bya tariki 11/09/2001 kuri Amerika.

Ubu, bafite inzego “z’agakingirizo” aho hari abategetsi bashinzwe ibikorwa bya buri munsi mu turere bagenzura. Haji Hekmat, mayor wa Balkh, aradutembereza.

Tweretswe ishuri ribanza, ryuzuyemo abahungu n’abakobwa bunamye mu bitabo byatanzwe na ONU/UN. Ubwo bari ku butegetsi mu myaka ya 1990, Abatalibani bari barabujije uburezi ku bakobwa, nubwo kenshi ibi babihakana. N’ubu, hari amakuru ko mu bindi bice abakobwa bakuru batemerewe kwiga. Ariko nibura umutegetsi w’Umutalibani avuga ko ubu babishishikariza.

Mawlawi Salahuddin, ushinzwe komisiyo y’uburezi y’Abatalibani ya hano ati: “Igihe cyose bambaye hijab, ni ingenzi kuri bo kwiga.” Mu mashuri yisumbuye, avuga ko abarimu b’abagore aribo gusa bemerewe, kandi ko kwitandira ari itegeko. “Igihe bakurikije Sharia, nta kibazo.”

Bamwe mu bantu ba hano batubwiye ko Abatalibani bavanye ubugeni (art) n’uburere mboneragihugu mu masomo yigishwa, babisimbuza amasomo ya Kisilamu, ariko ibindi bakurikiza integanyanyigisho ya leta.

Nonese Abatalibani bohereza abakobwa babo bwite kwiga?

Salahuddin ati: “Umukobwa wanjye aracyari muto cyane, ariko nakura, nzamwohereza ku ishuri, mu gihe cyose rizaba ryubahiriza hijab na Sharia.”

Leta niyo yishyura imishahara y’abakozi, ariko Abatalibani nibo bagenzura ibikorwa. Ni uko ibintu byifashe mu gihugu..

Ku kigo cy’ubuvuzi kiri hafi aho, kiyoborwa n’umuryango nterankunga, naho ni nk’uko. Abatalibani bemerera abakozi b’abagore gukora, ariko bagomba kuba bafite umugabo ubashinzwe nijoro, kandi abarwayi b’abagore n’abagabo ntabwo bavurirwa hamwe. Imiti iboneza urubyaro n’amakuru kuri byo biratangwa.

Abatalibani biraboneka neza ko bifuza ko tubona ko bakora ibyiza. Mu gihe turi mu modoka duca ku bakobwa benshi bavuye ku ishuri bataha, Haji Hekmat arabatwereka yishimye cyane mu buryo bwo guhinyuza ibyo twari twiteze.

Gusa impungenge ku migirire y’Abatalibani ku bagore ziracyahari. Uyu mutwe nta mugore numwe ushyira mu bategeka, mu myaka ya 1990 bwo wari warabujije abagore gukora imirimo itari iyo mu rugo.

Tugenda mu modoka mu mihana y’akarere ka Balkh, twabonye abagore benshi, ntabwo bose baba bambaye umwambaro witwa ‘burqa’ ubapfutse hose uretse amaso, hari abagenda bisanzuye. Ku isoko ry’aho ariko bose bagomba kuba bayambaye. Haji Hekmat we avuga ko nta ubitegetswe.

Buri hamwe hose igihe cyose duherekejwe n’Abatalibani, abaturage bacye tuvugishije bose baravuga uburyo uwo mutwe ubafasha, bagashima ko wazanye umutekano ukanagabanya ibyaha.

Omar uri mu zabukuru ati: “Igihe hagenzurwaga na leta, bahoraga bafunga abantu bacu bagasaba ruswa. Icyo gihe abantu bacu barazahaye cyane, ariko ubu twishimiye uko ibintu bimeze.”

Imyemerere y’amahame akarishye y’Abatalibani ntabwo inyuranyije n’iyo mu bice by’icyaro, ariko benshi, cyane cyane mu mijyi, batinya ko bashaka kugarura ubutegetsi bw’ubugome bwo mu myaka ya 1990, bikabangamira ubwisanzure bw’ababyiruka benshi bavutse nyuma y’ibyo bihe.

Umwe mu batuye muri aka gace nyuma yaratuvugishije, ariko asaba kutavugwa amazina, avuga ko Abatalibani baniga cyane ubwisanzure kurenza ibyo batubwiye. Avuga ko abaturage bakubitwa kubera ko bogoshe ubwanwa, cyangwa ko bafite uturadiyo bumva umuziki. Yabwiye BBC ati: “Abantu nta mahitamo bafite uretse gukora ibyo bavuze, yewe no ku tuntu duto wakubitwa. Abantu bafite ubwoba.”

Haji Hekmat yari mu Batalibani mu myaka ya 1990. Mu gihe abarwanyi bakiri bato b’Abatalibani iruhande rwacu bari bishimiye ko tubafotora no gufata za ‘selfies’, we yabanje guhita ahisha isura ye n’igitambaro abonye camera yacu. Aseka, ati: “Ni umuco wa cyera”, mbere y’uko nyuma yemera ko dufotora isura ye. Ku butegetsi bwa cyera bw’Abatalibani, gufotora byari bibujijwe.

Bakoze amakosa bari ku butegetsi? turamubaza. Bakwitwara gutyo nanone ubu?

Haji Hekmat ati: “Abatalibani ba mbere n’ab’ubu bose ni bamwe. So ugereranyije icyo gihe n’ubu – nta cyahindutse, gusa birumvikana ko abakozi bahindutse. Abantu bamwe baba bagira amahane abandi batuje. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe.”

Abatalibani bagaragaye nk’abadasobanura neza icyo bivuze “Leta ya Kisilamu” bashaka gushinga. Abasesenguzi bamwe bayibona nk’uburyo bwo guhunga kutumvikana biri imbere kw’abatsimbaraye ku bya cyera n’abashaka koroshya. Ese bashobora kubana n’abo batabona ibintu kimwe? Bageze ku butegetsi bashobora guhura n’ibyo bibazo.

Mu gihe turi gusangira ifunguro rya saa sita rigizwe n’inkoko n’umuceri, twumvise hakurya ibisasu bine bitanduaknye biraswa n’indege. Haji Hekmat ntacyo bimubwiye. Ati: “Mwitinya, ni kure cyane”.

Imbaraga z’igisirikare cyo mu kirere, zitangwa n’Abanyamerika, ziri mu byatumye mu myaka myinshi Abatalibani batabasha gufata ibindi bice. Amerika ubu yahagaritse ubufasha bwa gisirikare n’ibikorwa byayo nyuma y’amasezerano bagiranye n’Abatalibani umwaka ushize, benshi batinya ko nibagenda Abatalibani bazahita batangira ibitero byo kwigarurira igihugu cyose.

Hekmat avuga leta ya Afghanistan yita “ubutegetsi bwa Kabul” nk’uko Abatalibani bayita, nk’iyamunzwe na ruswa kandi irwanya Islam. Biragoye kubona uko abagabo nka we baziyunga n’abandi mu gihugu, mu gihe hadakurikijwe ibyo bashaka.

Ati: “Iyi ni jihad, ni ugusenga. Ntabwo tubikora ngo tugere ku butegetsi ahubwo tubikorera Allah n’itegeko rye. Ngo tuzane Sharia muri iki gihugu. Uturwanya wese tuzamurwanya.”

Isoko:BBC